Tuesday, August 19, 2014

Textbook Notes (p.4-14)

Historical Background

  • Britain was conquered by many civilizations. First the Celts who were overpowered by the technologically advanced Romans who remained the rulers of the land for over 300 years
  • Britain was then conquered by the Anglo-Saxons from Germany
  • The Romans adopted Christianity as the religion of their civilization
  • A long time after the Romans, the Danes from the east made their way through England and conquered the northern, eastern, and central regions of England
  • The Normans also squeezed themselves in England and when King Edward died, William of Normandy took the throne
  • Britain took on a feudal society :
  • The plantagenets ended up taking over the rule of England and kept feudalism as the structure of the government
  • as time went on, the lower classes began to revolt and gain some respect and at least money for the jobs they were doing

Literature of the Period

  • Anglo-Saxon literature was mainly poetry
  • A popular example would be Beowulf but the author is unknown due to poor record keeping
  • Many different works were produced from the Anglo-Saxons in mainly Latin and some in Old English
  • Geoffrey Chaucer was a great poet from the Medieval Ages, he produced works that portrayed the life and times of the Middle Ages, knights doing good deeds, and romance
  • Many plays were made after stories from the bible
  • Johann Gutenburg created a printing press through typing which sparked new literary works
  • Chaucer was just below and aristocrat in terms of social class which gave him a great viewpoint for his poetry
  • Chaucer changed the game of literature for the Middle Ages
  • He wrote about things that were compassionate and included humor in his work
  • A great Celtic Hero named King Arthur was highly written about in Medieval Times as a heroic and courageous icon
  • Historians aren't completely sure if King Arthur ever existed and some think he was just a fictional character like Spider-Man or Huckleberry Finn
  • Tales of King Arthur spread all throughout Europe, changing the image of him
  • the ballad was another popular expression of love or admiration
  • A famous ballad is of Robin Hood, a bandit-like character that robbed the rich to help the poor

The Changing English Language

  • around 449 B.C., the Celts, Danes, Angles, Normans, and Romans all occupied around the same area in Britain began mixing their languages together in a Frankenstein-like creation called "Englisc"
  • After about 100 years, the Normans took over more of England and introduced more French influences on the growing language

Preparing to Read The Seafarer, The Wanderer, The Wife's Lament

  • Britain's Anglo-Saxon's period had lots of entertainment in the forms of plays or storytellings
  • many stories came about from legends or tall tales told down from generation to generation like the Native Americans
  • In the Anglo-Saxon society, women had few rights, and men were the more dominant gender

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